日韓における村祭の民族的考察
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概要
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The purpose of this study is to examine the folk structure of regional sacrifices performed in Japan and Korea by analyzing their process and formation of the organizers.In chapter 1, the mechanism of the performance of Miyaza is analyzed.Miyaza is an organization of some qualified residents which is in charge of the performance of Shrine rites. Miyaza is worth studying regarding the structure of Japanese society as its formation and operation reflect the structure of each community where it is performed.The city of Niimi, Okayama Prefecture where field works were done is well known as midieval Niimi Manor. Accordingly, that period's history is well reflected in the current Miyaza system and in the way it is performed. That is, in the formation of the sacrifice, Myo meaning land in the manorial system is transmitted, and its representative is called Myogashira. In history, Myogashira is regarded as a man of power who through the medium of land has a part in community autonomy with peasants.Accordingly, even today only a special family with the right of Myo has the right to participate in the sacrifice. This family is descended semipermanently and it only is in charge of Toya, the house where the sacrifice is performed. While limited number of Myogashiras can participate directly in the sacrifice general residents as the status of Yoriko prepare and assist Maturi. In other words, Myogashira and Yoriko form the constructive relationship of master and servant.Although this relationship of course is limited in Maturi today, it obviously reflects Niimi region's inclinations and history and the position of Myogashira means the power in that region.chapter 2, a sacrifice called Tong je performed in Yeongdeok-Gun area in Korea is examined.This study analyzes and examines the organization and performance of Tong je which focuses on the belief called Kolmegi and how the folk belief is accepted in that region.Korean rural communities are getting downsized and older as in Japan and these phenomena change the folk belief.Although they are to be done separately in Korea and Japan such factors as the choice of members who perform the sacrifice, taboo, the operation of Toya and Toga, age related fact like Nobanhe are should be studied through field works by the comparative method.
- 2008-07-25