動物実験におけるblindisms
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
This study is an attempt to produce human "blindisms" experimentally in animals, and behavioral analyses of blind animals were made to disclose the mechanism of "blindisms". This study was divided into two parts, pilot experiment and precise experiment. In the pilot experiment, altogether twinty-five animals were used, including seven mice with complete blindness, two normal control mice, ten rats of complete blindness, two normal control rats, two dogs of the complete blindness and two normal control dogs. In the precise experiment, altogether sixteen rats were used. Three blind rats were produced by burning method and were brought up with three normal control rats. Five blind rats were produced by covering method and were reared with five normal control rats. Three methods were employed for producing blindness, burning, extirpation and covering with aluminum foil. The details of methods of operation and feeding programs were described elsewhere. The results of the pilot experiment were described phenomenologically by observation. Stereotyped behaviors, characterized by repeated, rhythmic and continuous movements, appeared in blind animals a few days after loss of vision. After 8th week similar behaviors appeared in both blind and normal control animals. Among stereotyped behaviors, three types of behaviors, "head swinging", "face washing", "body lapping" were compared. The frequency of appearance of these stereotyped behaviors was twice as much in blinded rats than in normal controls. In the precise experiment the stereotyped behaviors, especially the three above mentioned items, were recorded by means of memo-motion camera, and were quantitatively analyzed by memo-motion analyzer (Fujica). It was found that the stereotyped hehaviors appeared frequently soon after loss of vision in blinded animals. In normal control animals, on the other hand, "headswinging" was absent, and "face-washing" and "body lapping" were rarely observed until 5th week after birth. The increased stereotyped behaviors in blinded animals were thus confirmed by both phenomenological observation and qua ntitative analyses, and it was concluded that at least three items of streotyped behaviors were the abnormal behaviors due to blindness. In dogs "face-washing" and "body-lapping" were absent, and a series of quick "spinning" and "jumping link a hare" were presnt as characteristic stereotyped behaviors due to blindness. The "head-swinging" was concluded as specific to blindness because of the common development in three different species of animals. It can be concluded that the stereotyped behaviors in human "blindisms" were experimentally produced in animals. It was noted that similar "head-swinging" behavior was frequently observed in human "blindisms". The characteristic stereotyped behaviors in blind animals can be said as "animal blindisms". These behaviors were aimless and accessoly for the maintenance of life. Futher studies are necessary for the elucidation of the mechanism of "blindisms".
- 日本特殊教育学会の論文
- 1971-03-01