放牧地草原における被食植物
スポンサーリンク
概要
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The present investigation was carried out to obtain information on the forage value of wild herbaceous plants at a certain grassland, where the Miscanthus sinensis, Arundinella hirta, Zoisia japonica and Plantago asiatica communities develop according to difference of disturbance by livestock, Japanese black breed of cattle. The number of 20cm×20cm quadrats laid out was 1250 at the Miscanthus community, 1500 at the Arundinella community, 1000 at the Zoisia community and 750 at the Plantago community. Occurrence frequency, feeding frequency and feeding ratio were calculated for each grazed species in each community by the following formulas: Occurrence frequency=A/Q×100(%) Feeding frequency=a/A×100(%) Feeding ratio=a/a+b+c+…+n×100(%) where Q is the total number of quadrats employed at a community, A is the number of quadrats in which species A occurs and a, b, c, … are respectively the number of quadrats in which species A, B, C, … are grazed at the same community. The data obtained are shown in Table 1. The feeding frequency for each species examined varies among different communities. Among the wild species, Miscanthus sinensis is grazed more frequently in every community. Its feeding frequency increases from 14% in the Miscanthus community to 66% in the Plantago community along the gradient of disturbance pressure by livestock, while its occurrence frequency decreases in the same direction. The above results indicate that M. sinensis is most favored by cattle as a palatable forage plant. Arundinella hirta and Carex lanceolata attain to fairy higher feeding frequencies than the other species. In each commnity, the plants showing the largest feeding ratio are the species being dominant there, except for the case of Plantago community, in spite of the fact that they do not always attain high feeding frequency. This may suggest that the feeding ratio depends on two major factors: the palatability and quantity of the plant species. When the occupying area of each community is taken into consideration, the feeding ratio of M. sinensis attains to the highest percentage of 51, since the Miscanthus community occupies the largest proportion of 83% in the grassland. In A. hirta, C. lanceolata and Sasa sp., the ratio shows 22%, 13%, and 6%, respectively. The other species are negligible since their feeding ratios are lower than 2%. From the above results, it may be concluded that M. sinensis is the most valuable forage plant of cattle among the wild herbaceous species.
- 日本草地学会の論文
- 1962-09-30