Effects of Supramaximal Running on Stride Frequency and Stride Length in Sprinters

概要

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The purpose of this study was to elucidate effects of supramaximal running on stride frequency and stride length for sprinters by examining running technique and muscle activity. All eight subjects ran twice in both maximal and supramaximal running. In supramaximal running, a towing machine was attached to a sprinter, achieving increases in running velocity by 7.5±0.5 (p<0.001), stride frequency by 4.0±3.0% (p<0.01) and stride length by 3.4±2.6% (p<0.01) compared to maximal running. As stride frequency increased in supramaximal running, the angle of the knee joint was significantly increased (p<0.01) at the beginning of the contact phase and was significantly smaller (p<0.01) at the end of that phase. During the flight phase, higher iEMG for rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) in supramaximal running played a role in quickly extending/flexing the recovery leg. Conversely, iEMG of biceps femoris decreased (p<0.01) in the contact phase. Greater shank angle (p<0.05) at the beginning of the contact phase represented increased "braking". Significant increase in stride length in supramaximal running was not achieved by voluntary leg muscle activity in the contact phase, and induced a braking action in the contact phase. When running type was classified into two groups, towing was found to mainly increase stride length for "pitch"-type, and stride frequency for "stride"-type.
日本運動生理学会の論文