46 南米の蛙からのテトロドトキシンの発生
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概要
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The potent neurotoxin tetrodotoxin, which has previously been found in puffer fish, a goby (Gobius Criniger) from Taiwan and Amami-Oshima, and the California newt (Taricha trosa), has been identified in the skins of frogs of the genus Atelopus from Costa Rica. We have found that aqueous extracts of skin of approximately 10 diiferent species subspecies or distinct populations of Atelpid(A.) frogs, so far tested by us are toxic when injected intra peritonea lly into mice. In four of these, A. Zeteki, A. Varios, A. Ambulatorius, and A. Chiriquiensis, we were able to obtain enough material so that some information concerning the chemical nature of the toxin compound could be deduced. The final purification of toxins of A. Vrius and A. Ambulatorius was done by paper electrophoresis and that of toxin from A. Chiriquiensis was performed by P-2 gel filtration liquid chromatography. Cocentrates with an activity in order of 4,000-7,000 mouse units per miligram were obtained. Solid tetrodotoxins highly purified from the skin of A. Varius and A Ambulate rius were identified by use of nmr spectroscopy by direct comparison with genuin sample. A. Chiriquiensis skin extract was found to be a mixture of approximately 30 percent tetrodotoxin and a second major component(ca. 70%) which we have designed chiriqutoxin. Further more, the mass spectra of tetrodotoxin from these frogs and from puffer fish are identical. On the basis of nmr spectra, it is certain that toxin from A. Zeteki is distinct from both tetrodotoxin and chiriquitoxin. In addition, the pharmacological action of zetekitoxin is different from that of tetrodotoxin.
- 天然有機化合物討論会の論文
- 1975-10-01