中国少数民族の言語と集団間関係の新局面 : 新疆ウルムチの「民考漢」を中心に
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Our concern is to consider the changing process of language and ethnic relations by focusing on the Minkaohan Uyghur in Urumqi, Xinjiang (the Uyghur Autonomous region of the Republic of China). Minkaohan Uyghur are educated in the Chinese language at Han Chinese schools and take their college entrance exams in Mandarin Chinese. Since they usually don't speak Uyghur well, Uyghurs fluent in their own language (Uyghurs educated in Uyghur schools) refer to them as the "fourteenth nationality" referring to the fact there are thirteen officially recognized nationalities in Xinjiang Because of their cultural hybridity or in-between-ness compared to other Uyghurs, the population growth of the Minkaohan might possibly cause a language shift from Uyghur to Chinese as the main language spoken in society, and it might also affect Han-Uyghur ethnic relations in Xinjiang. As the first step to clarifying these processes, the co-writer, Xirinayi, tried to investigate the actual conditions of language acquisition, fluency in the two languages, and peoples' attitudes to the languages among the Minkaohan by distributing questionnaires and through interviews. The results show that their proficiency and capability in the Chinese language are much higher than that in their native language. They don't have any difficulty in communicating with Han Chinese in the Chinese language. But when communicating with their own people in their native language, most of them need Chinese (words and terms) to help them to express their ideas. Only some of them are able to carry out communication effectively and without help. Most of them want to preserve their native language, while at the same time accepting the Chinese language.
- 九州大学の論文