農地土壌から大気への二酸化炭素ガス発生量の変動性とその評価

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Information on temporal change and spatial variability of gas behavior in the surface soil is important to estimate the total gas efflux from an agricultural field to the atmosphere accurately. The objectives of this study were to clarify the relationships between the cultivation type and the temporal change and spatial variability of the CO_2 efflux from the agricultural fields and the effect of the gas diffusion movement and the soil physical properties on the gas efflux. The CO_2 efflux from the soil surface was measured by a closed chamber method at four agricultural fields in Japan, two bared fields after plowing, one dent-corn field and one pasture. The measurements of the gas efflux from the soil surface were carried out simultaneously at 10 points along a straight line with 3m intervals in each of the four fields. The gas diffusion fluxes through the surface soil were also estimated from the vertical gradients of gas concentrations and gas diffusion coefficient measured at the same 10 points where the gas efflux was measured. Both the average values and the coefficients of variance for the measured CO_2 efflux showed a tendency to decrease with time after plowing except in the pasture. This tendency is considered to be by the non-uniform activation of soil microorganisms caused by soil disturbance. Contrarily, those two values for the pasture increased with time and it could be explained in terms of the non-uniform growth of plant roots. In pasture, the measured gas efflux from the soil surface was larger than the estimated values of the gas diffusion flux through the surface soil. It could be explained by the gas generation by the roots. In the dent-corn field, on the other hand, the diffusion gas flux was larger than the gas efflux.
社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文
2007-10-05

農地土壌から大気への二酸化炭素ガス発生量の変動性とその評価

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