日本語相談場面におけるポジティブ・ポライトネス

概要

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This paper aims to describe the effects of positive politeness in Japanese advice giving. The date was collected from radio and TV call-in programs. Previous studies on politeness have focused exclusively on other-oriented politeness and the aspect that speakers save their own face has not been paid much attention to. This paper, focusing on both speaker-oriented and other-oriented positive politeness, indicates that expressions which enhance advisers' positive faces contribute to successful consultation. (1) Speaker-oriented positive politeness Advisers can enhance their own positive face by asserting their excellence and abundant experiences in giving advice. Advisees get the impression that advisers are capable advisers and that following their advice is helpful to solve problems. (2) Other-oriented positive politeness Advisers can enhance advisees' positive face by showing the sympathy for, agreement on, and approval of advisees' past action. These comments redress upcoming FTA. In addition, overpraising an advisee's character stimulates the advisee to save face and can lead him/her to act on the advice, which, in some cases, may be harsh or hard to take.