チャットの接触場面における談話管理 : 日本語母語話者と非母語話者の相づちの比較から

概要

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In this research, it aims to clarify discourse management of contact situations in chat conversations by focusing on Japanese native and non-native speakers' backchannels. It first observes whether Japanese native situation and contact situation differs. And then, compares backchannels used by native and non-native in contact situation. First, backchannels in two situations were analyzed using four viewpoints, 1) frequency, 2) function, 3) appearing position, 4) message composition. As a result, difference was seen. Second, contrast of backchannel usage between native and non-native was examined. Native show discourse management transmitting backchannels and substantial remarks together for a certain turn-taking, avoiding complicated conversation. Meanwhile, non-native use more backchannels than native to distinct speaker and listener clearly. Third, as for the common characteristics of native and non-native backchannel usage, both show participants' consideration and avoid inconsistent message by time lag in the point of turn-taking. Moreover, using many backchannels of "content understanding" and "feeling expression", participants incline to indicate strong understanding and positive reaction. In conclusion, native and non-native in chat conversation present various types of discourse management in contact situations. Both not only show attitude of understanding but also control clear conversation development, handling back channels effectively.