インドネシアにおけるイブイズムの歴史的生成をめぐる一考察 : 1937年の婚姻法案をめぐる論争を手がかりに

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This paper poses a problem of Javanese "traditional" gender ideology, ibuism in Indonesia. Under Suharto era (1966-1998), the state mobilizes social organizations for the economic development under the slogan of 'stability' and 'development,' which were in turn used to legitimize the regime. Two themes have drawn scholarly attention to analyze the New Order Regime: "bureaucracy" and "family". In the Family part, women and men played a role as "Ibu (mother)" and "Bapak (father)". Ibu played important role within the theme of "Family" state. Under this era, all women were seemed to be along with Ibuism in which they were assumed as housewife. However what does it mean "traditional" Javanese pyiyayi (aristocracy) norm? Then I examine the process of dominant discourse about the 1937 debate on Monogamy toward maternal and companionate women within colonial Indonesia in 1930s. The article demonstrates that in response to ongoing processes of modernization or Westernization, Javanese gender perceptions were voiced in an Indonesian idiom of a moral character. By focusing discourse about Marriage Law (1974) and the Draft of Marriage Law (1937), this gender idiom was infused with the idea of harmony: harmony between Indonesian men and women and Islam within colonial context toward new political goal.
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