景観と身体的健康 : 公害対策基本法改正過程の追跡に基づく景観施策停滞の分析
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概要
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In this paper, I aim to clarify the reason for the delay of landscape (keikan) policies in postwar Japan, through comparison with the progress of environmental policies. Therefore, I focus on the process of the deletion of "the article for harmonization of economic growth and conservation of living conditions", involved in the revision of Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control in 1970. This article was deleted because "conservation of living conditions" and "protection of nation's health" turned out to be inseparable, and this meant that the significance of "conservation of living conditions" was confirmed by "physical health" which was positioned as an absolute value. In contrast, landscape is/was considered as a matter of "amenity"-a matter not necessarily related with this kind of health, and thus the significance or inevitability of its management tends/tended to be much less tenuous than those of environmental pollution. Then it could be concluded that the delay of landscape policies in postwar Japan resulted from this tenuity. This conclusion- the tenure connection between landscape and physical health delayed the progress of landscape policies- might seem to be too ordinary to explain. But the lack of care of landscape on the ground of such reason do not always happen to other countries, especially in the West, but is specific to Japan. To analyze the structure of urban landscape in Japan properly, it would be necessary to recognize the specificity and the meanings of this ordinariness.
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