幸福主義の倫理 : 主としてエピクロースの倫理思想を中心として
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What is ethically called Eudaemonism which judges moral value of human actions by their tendency to produce happiness, is characterized by Ataraxia, the essence of Epicurean system of ethics. Logical analysis of Ataraxia will usually show that there still remains a logical inconsistency which tends to put forward an argument from the two different angles (the reason and the sense), acting at variance with each other. 1. According to Epicurus himself, the principle of morals was not to have direct connection with him, but from his subjective point of view, the feelings of both pleasure and displeasure were inevitably to precede his own moral causes. In other words, his moral theory of attaining happiness might be said to be indirectly fixed by these feelings alone. Needless to mention that moral truth should have universality as well as necessity, yet he asserted the above stated to be that theory which should combine the objective contingency with sensuous contingency contiguous to it. 2. The original meaning of Ataraxia may also be read that the sense should go before the Reason, while his very effort to surpass the contingency and variation of pleasure, only proved to lead the Reason to the effect, inconsistent with his moral philosophy. Consequently, despite of his teaching that highest good was pleasure, Epicurus could not but lapse into such self-contradiction as brought pleasure under the restraint framed by the exact reverse of it.
- 帯広畜産大学の論文
- 1956-03-30
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