農業経営における生産部門連関分析
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概要
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The general framework of this analysis is due to the principle of the Input-output Analysis or Inter-industrial Analysis having been developed by Leontief since the 1930s. Farming consists of several enterprises such as rice, wheat or milk production and these sectors make the network of intermediate products transferring from one sector to another. There are other managerial activities such as buying productive resources for the production as well as selling or consuming farm products. Each sector will use several resources and produce a number of intermediate or final associated products. A considerable amount of inter-dependence among input and output exists in the actual business of farming. The purpose of this paper is to review a way to take these inter-dependent input-output relations and a way to estimate possible effects of a change in the final demand on products and net revenue. The assumed linear equations with input coefficients of production and final demand which are composed of sales, farm-consumed products and appreciation ; equilibrium output and net revenue will be determined in this static "open model". The essential parts of the analysis are the technical representation used by a matrix of the input coefficients. Two examples in terms of values were shown in this paper. The one quoted here is the data which has been presented in a form of the Input-output Table used in my farm survey report in 1957. The other was the data of the survey which I did in Tokachi, Hokkaido in 1968. The empirical application of this analysis to my farm data shows the following results : (1) It presents the overall view of the character of the input relation among different farms because the matrices of coefficients characterize the technological feature. (2) The necessary level of production in each sector and the cost of production will be estimated under the given final demands. Then the net revenues of each sector and a total of all the sectors are available. To satisfy given conditions in a set of simultaneous equations it is useful to provide a table of coefficients in the form of the inverse matrix, [I-a]^<-1>. (3) It would be possible to derive any output change and its effect on each sector when an additional change in the final demand were given. This means that an estimate of contribution of an enterprise in all sectors could be possibly shown. (4) By using information as regards the inter-sectoral relation the preferable plan of resource allocation in each sector would be offered to a limited extent. These will be significant and will serve as a method in making the formulation of a projection or predictions concerning farm management. However, there are still a lack of knowledge for using this method effectively. It is fairly difficult in the theoretical model to assume the stability of input-coefficients, restricted production function in the linear homogeneous equation systems, rigidity in the substitution of production factors and its method, and relative price change. Another difficulty lies in dealing with the accounting problems such as the evaluation of the intermediate products and allocation of the indirect costs, and so forth. This approach may certainly lead to favorable results if an extension toward a dynamic approach is made and more practical application is made.
- 帯広畜産大学の論文
- 1970-11-25
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関連論文
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