Nuclear Physics and the Origin of the Light Elements (不安定核の構造と反応(研究会報告))

概要

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Nucleosyntheses of the light elements in primeval big-bang and cosmic rays take the important keys to understand the origin of the light elements and their chemical evolution. They constrain the universal mass density parameter Ω and the dark matter problem. In this paper we discussed the present status of the observed primordial abundances of the light elements, Be and B discovered recently in population II halo dwarfs, and the relevant nuclear physics involved in the evolution of the early Universe and early galaxy. As to the primordial nucleosynthesis, the standard homogeneous model is a reasonable model which explains the light element abundances, although there are still many uncertainties of the observed "primordial" abundances. Having found heavy elements in almost all aged stars ever known, however, non-standard models including inhomogeneous model also are the possible models which may explain these abundances if they are proved to be cosmological in future astronomical observations. Adopted a strong baryon inhomogeneity as suggested from the first order QCD phase transition, the inhomogeneous nucleosynthesis models result in largely enhanced primordial abundances of heavy elements 12 ≤ A via the production of radioactive unstable nuclei.
素粒子論グループ素粒子研究編集部の論文
1993-07-20