イギリスにおける教育アクション・ゾーン政策の展開
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国際教育環境学講座教授 : 比較国際教育学International Education Environmentology Laboratory，Professor, Comparative International PedagogyAA11322536The Labour government which took office in May 1997 has placed the educational reform at the top of domestic policy agendas and has set the raising of educational standard for all children as one of its aims. The Labour party with the leadership of Tony Blair has been pursuing policies for caring disadvantaged children who were relatively neglected under the Conservative government. It is the education action zones policy that symbolizes this attitude of the Labour government. In this paper the author deals with the policy of education action zones in England which has been developed by the Labour government. First, proposals by the Department for Education and Employment which were made in several documents including "Excellence in Schools" were described. In these documents form of education action zones and rationales for setting them up were provided. Second, characteristics of education action forum which forms the core for the operation of education action zones are discussed. Third, the features of the first round of bidding of education action zones are described and provisions in several action zones are explained. Fourth, the attitude of teachers expressed in documents by the National Union of Teachers is discussed and the fact that teachers are not necessarily wholeheatedly for the concept of education action zones is pointed out. Fifth, the second round of bidding in 1999 is described in which proposals by schools themselves and by business increased compared to the first round. And lastly the intentions of the government for raising the educational standard in inner cities which were proposed in "Excellence in Cities" are discussed. In conclusion the author argues that the policy of education action zones emphasizing the involvement of business in educational matters exemplifies the nature of educational policies which pursue the egalitarian ideal in a new framework.
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