子育て世帯の教育費負担 : 子ども数・子どもの教育段階・家計所得別の分析
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概要
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この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。Public expenditure on education in Japan is low when compared with the OECD countries. Therefore, families with children are forced to spend a large amount on education. Since 1980, public expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP had declined and private expenditure on education increased. This article aims to clarify three points. First, I examined the imbalance in the level of living standards between families with and without children. Second, I estimated the differences of private expenditure on education according to the number of children in the family (1, 2,and 3 or more), level of education (from pre-primary education to tertiary education), and the income level of parents. Third, I analyzed how each family coped with the increased expenditure on education. Findings are as follows. Owing to the high costs of education, there is a great diffrence in the level of living standards between families with and without children. Especially, the burden of educational costs is very heavy in families with 2 or more children, families with tertiary level students, and low-income families. Such families somehow manage the household, but there is a limit to their efforts. The following public policies that support families with children are necessary; increase in public expenditure on education, improve the system of student loans, child allowances, tax allowances for children, and an increase in maternal work opportunities for greater financial independence.
- 2006-03-31