CYCLIC RESISTANCE OF CLEAN SAND IMPROVED BY SILICATE-BASED PERMEATION GROUTING

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The cyclic resistance of clean sand improved by silicate-based permeation grouting is examined based on laboratory triaxial tests. Specimens were prepared by the methods of sedimentation and wet tamping. In the former method, dry sand was poured into the silicate-based solution. In the latter method, grouting was conducted by permeating silicate-based solution through wet-tamped nearly-dry specimens as well as through wet-tamped nearly-saturated sand specimens. The overburden stress was applied on some of the grouted saturated sand specimens during a curing period typically of one month. For all of the specimens prepared in different ways as above, the non-destructive measurements were first conducted of velocities of P-wave and S-wave propagation through the samples prepared under varying B-values. The aim of these measurements was to examine whether the small-strain properties of grouted sand specimens with gelled soil fabrics can be evaluated in the general framework of the theory of poro-elasticity. The undrained cyclic triaxial test was then conducted on each of the specimens. The influence of grouting on dry sand and saturated sand, and the effects of sustained application of an overburden stress during the curing period were examined drawing attention to the inner structure of grouted sand and its effects on the cyclic resistance.
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