Bryological Herbarium Facilities and Current Research Projects in New Zealand(Part One Collection Building)
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概要
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The moss and hepatic/hornwort floras of New Zealand are diverse and exhibit a high level of endemism. A current census of New Zealand mosses comprises 516 species distributed in 207 genera, while the known hepatic/hornwort flora includes 607 species in 157 genera. The endemism rate at the species level is c. 24% for indigenous mosses (117 spp.) and c. 53% (319 spp.) for indigenous hepatics/hornworts. Bryological exploration of New Zealand began in 1769, with the earliest collections made by Joseph Banks. There are now (2005) substantial and well-curated bryophyte collections at three locations in New Zealand: the Auckland War Memorial Museum in Auckland (AK, with c. 34,000 specimens); Te Papa Tongarewa or the Museum of New Zealand in Wellington (WELT, with c. 56,000 specimens; and the Allan Herbarium at Landcare Research in Lincoln (CHR, with c. 110,000 specimens). Overseas, the most significant historical collections are at BM. In the three main New Zealand herbaria, mosses comprise c. 70% of the total bryophyte specimens. This inequality of collection numbers reflects a long-standing historical bias, but may also reflect the restricted distribution of many hepatic taxa in relatively inaccessible parts of the country. Current research emphasis in New Zealand bryology is on Flora production. At Landcare Research we plan the completion of the final draft of a fully illustrated, single-volume moss Flora by Allan Fife and Jessica Beever in mid-2007, with publication expected in 2008. Line drawing illustrations for all documented species have been completed. David Glenny (at Landcare Research) and John Engel (in Chicago, USA) are preparing a three-volume hepatic Flora. The first volume is expected to be published by early 2007, with subsequent volumes at 3-year intervals. David Glenny and Bill Malcolm (in Nelson) have recently published an illustrated interactive key to the hepatic and hornwort genera of New Zealand and Australia. The publication of a modern moss Flora for New Zealand will highlight a wide range of unresolved taxonomic, phytogeographic, and systematic problems, many of which could be profitably approached using molecular methods. Future work could include studies of species relationships and limits in such intractable moss genera as Sphagnum, Hypnum, and Racomitrium, systematic studies of the family Ptychomniaceae or the genus Blindia. The indigenous status of some presumed "bipolar" species (e.g., Climacium dendroides, Aulacomnium palustre) could also be investigated using molecular techniques. The systematists at Landcare Research would welcome proposals for collaborative research projects on New Zealand bryophytes.
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関連論文
- Correlations between the Moss Floras of Japan and New Zealand(Part Two Natural History Study)
- Bryological Herbarium Facilities and Current Research Projects in New Zealand(Part One Collection Building)