アメリカ独立戦争と18世紀末フランス・モード
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概要
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The purpose of this article is to examine the influence of the American War of Independence (1775-1783) on French fashion, which was dominated by Anglomania during the latter half of the eighteenth century. The revolt of the Colonies against England brought to France the cult of America and enthusiasm for freedom. A series of big hairstyles for women named "a l'americaine" were created to celebrate the French victories and the arms of French heroes. When Benjamin Franklin visited Paris, the Parisians found in his simple, rustic costume the positive image of a republican who aspires to liberty. La Fayette and the soldiers who had campaigned in America momentarily became a model of fashion. But despite those popular fads, there was no new force that could displace Anglomania. Michel Pastoureau insists that the Revolution's stripe originated from the Colonies, but we must distinguish between the democratic stripe and the noble stripe. The influence of America was feeble and was assimilated into English fashion because their simple costume and image of liberty were common to the English.
- 2006-12-15