Experimental and Macroscopic Evidence of the Anomalous State of the Water in a Clay System(Physical and Chemical Properties of Clays,Proceedings of the 13^<th> International Clay Conference)
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概要
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The purpose of this work is to study the particular physical properties of interlayer water in clay-water systems. Five smectites are studied at different hydric potentials in a range of relative humidity between 5 and 97%. Regardless of these RH conditions, the interaggregates space is never saturated with water. The d001 basal spacing of the clay sheets changes according to the evolution of water content. These facts lead us to conclude that the interlayer space is the main location where the hydration occurs, i.e., where we expect the physical properties such as the water density to be different from bulk water. The density of the interlayer water and the solid density are simultaneously measured by means of a helium pycnometer. When measuring the total volume of a powder with this method, a correction is needed to take into account the volume occupied by water. Corrections using a density of the water equal to that of pure water did not give satisfactory results. To obtain an agreement with the experimental results, we had to recalculate the density of the interlayer water. These values are found to lie between 1.14 and 1.18 g/cm3 for the studied clays. Water can be considered as free water in swelling clay only for RH domains close to saturation, more than 97% RH. Under this level of saturation, water is considered as a smectite component just as the silicate skeleton or cations. The whole components constitute a lamellar structure with a hydrous and electrical continuum and define a smectic phase.
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