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Effect of the Form of Combustion Chamber on the Charging of Two-Stroke Engines. By K. Tomiduka and H. Sibata.-Up to the present the investigation of the form of the combustion chamber in view of raising the charging efficiency is almost always neglected, owing perhaps to its apparent unimportance to the charging. Even some designers believe that "absence of sharp corners conducing to smoother flow of the scaveging air round the end of the cylinder" is the necessary condition. But on considering the proper function of the combustion chamber, it becomes clear that it is by no means less important as compared with the deflector. The comparative study was done by the present authors on two combustion chamber models, one with flat head and the other with hemispherical head. The charging efficiency was measured with Tomiduka's apparatus and the results are compared in Fig. 3. Quite contrary to the ordinary conception quoted above, hemispherical combustion chamber gave far worse results than the flat one. It may be quite doubtful, but stream-line photographs in Fig. 5 and 6 show the possible cause of the fact. In appendix to this paper, the authors displayed the results of experiment on the effect of the shape of cup in catching water which flows out of a nozzle against a cup with various velocities. With these results one can easily guess the importance of the form of head and its relative position with the nozzle. The circumstance may be quite similar to that of the combustion chamber and deflector problem of two-stroke engines.
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柴田浩
航空研究所發動機部

二衝程式機關の燃焼室に就て

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