饗応と祝福 : 中央アジア・クルグズ一村落の慶弔事にみる父系出自親族関係
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Peoples of Central Asia experienced considerable changes throughout 20th century. Especially, collectivization had strong influence on the lives of nomadic peoples in rural areas. Former Soviet ethnographers only concerned the transformation of social organizations caused by the collectivization, in analyzing within the framework of historical materialism. After the independence of Central Asian states, some ethnographic studies began to take interest in economic transitions and household networks. These reports suggest the significance of kin relationships, but not much analysis has been done. This ethnographic analysis focused on kin networks in a Kyrgyz village, which I named Karatal (a pseudonym), of northern Kyrgyzstan. In this paper, I aimed to examine the issue from two aspects: social structure and networking relationship. First, I dealt with feasts at life-cycle ceremonies, memorial services for the dead, Islamic festivals and other events in Karatal to analyze the patterns and tendencies of social interaction. For this purpose, I focused on a couple, who were members of a patrilineal subdivision called Sayak, and their inviting to and participating in feasts at those ceremonies and events. Then, I categorized those ceremonies and events into eight, and also the relations between the couple and other attendants at feasts into ten patterns. Describing the characteristics of those ceremonial categories and the patterns of relationships, I made clear that the key of their social world was to eat meals and pray for blessing together with patrilineal kinsmen at ceremonies. Further, with the analysis of genealogies of the Sayaks, we could see that the collectivization and the creation of Karatal village have been shaping the present Karatal-Sayak subdivision until today. In this process, a variety of reciprocal help like money contribution to funerals worked as an extremely significant promoter. I concluded that such reciprocal help and ceremonial practices like eating and praying together have interacted dialectically with the concept of patrilineal descent. Thus the very habitus of Sayak was getting more and more active, which, in turn, stimulated their patrilineal kin practices.
- 日本中東学会の論文
- 2001-03-31
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関連論文
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