ラシード・リダーの改革思想 : その出発(1898-1905)
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概要
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Rashid Rida (1865-1935) is known as a famous leader of Salafiyya Movement and a thinker of Arab Nationalism. When he began to publish his journal al-Manar at the end of the 19th century, the world of Islam had lost its religious unity and its political independence and fell under European rule. Many thinkers in Europe and the Middle East thought that the separation of religion and politics was inevitable, because they thought that Islam was a major obstacle to progress and development in the Islamic world. But, for Rida, religion and politics should not be divided in Islam. Former studies of Rida's thought have concentrated in his famous treatise al-Khilafa (The Caliphate)(1923). But, in this paper, I have attempted to elucidate his thought concerning the Islamic Reform, shown in his journal al-Manar, in the formative years of his thought (1898-1905). This paper will deal with the struggle of Rida to defend Muslim religious unity and the political independence of Islam against European dominance. He thought that the awakening of the Arabs was necessary for the recovery of Islamic unity. But, he also considered the Ottomans as the most important representatives of Islamic power. For him, Ottoman reform would be able to radiate to other Muslim countries since the Ottoman Empire held the central parts of Muslim world. As to the theme of the Caliphate, he rejected the claim of Arab Caliphate of Qurayshite descent and vindicated the Ottoman Caliphate, because the Sharifs of Mecca lacked many important requirements of the Caliphate.
- 日本中東学会の論文
- 1998-03-31