生命の誕生をめぐる先端医療技術と生命倫理上の問題
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概要
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Both birth and death are extremely important and indispensable events in human life, and his life loses its meaning without due consideration of them. In recent years, through the very rapid advancement of medical technology such as artificial fertilization (asexual reproduction), artificially induced abortion and perinatal medical care for severely handicapped neonates, we have obtained the ability to deal with "life" or "human birth" directly by ourselves. This has made us face a lot of difficult and complicated bioethical problems which had not been experienced before. In the present report, these new situations caused by the advanced medical technology above are presented and their problems are discussed from the view point of legal medicine and bioethics. The problem concerning artificial fertilization is the separation of human reproduction from sexual act based on the personality of a married couple. In artificial abortion, people must deliberate the following question; which is more important, right for self-determination of a pregnant woman, or right for birth of fetus? In perinatal medical care, without doubt, no fetus or neonate is able to say anything in decision-making. The following inquiry should, therefore, be considered; whose informed consent has the priority in the decision-making on treatment and care? In principle, as human being is "autonomous being" and has his definite right for self-determination, every doctor as well as every nurse and paramedical staff must respect a patient's right in decision-making, and co-operate with him and his family. In order to solve these bioethical problems, not only the people working in medical and paramedical fields but also every Japanese citizen are expected to think them over and discuss together on the basis of social welfare, quality of life and sanctity of life, as in the case of concentrated discussion about brain death and organ transplantation in these several years, thus making us deliberate the meaning and manner of death. We should have the sympathy with patients, neonates and fetus, and establish altruistic profesional code, as the being responsible for human welfare and future.
- 金沢大学の論文
- 1992-03-31