戦後復興と新勘定赤字処理問題(3・完)
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概要
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This is the last part of my three-part paper analyzing the economic policies used to solve the heavy deficit problem of key industries, such as coal, iron and steel, and ammonium sulfate, during the postwar reconstruction period. Since coal was the most important source of energy in Japan immediately after Warld War II, the coal industry was required to produce the maximum output.However, because the price of coal was officially fixed, and because wages and blackmarket prices of raw materials, which ware indispensable for increasing coal output, went up rapidly, the coal industry suffered increasing losses which reached their highest level, about three million yen, in key industries. The solution to this heavy deficit problem of coal was difficult and time-consuming to find, since the government offices concerned in Japan and GHQ/SCAP had diverse opinions and had a difficult time coming to an agreement. More-over, the policy of officaila price increases for coal was impollible. However, the policy was effectively carried out for the iron and steel industry and the ammonium sulfate industry for covering their feavy deficits. The asme policy was not adopted for the coal industry because it would have deteriorated the international price competitive power. The sudden change of economic policies, which were brought by the Dodge Plan in 1949, solved this problem after all. The Japanese government and GHQ/SCAP agreed to supply enormous sums of official funds to cover the heavy deficit of coal just before the Dodge Plan would prohibit these offical funds, causing the reconstruction of the coal industry to drag on. Moreover, the Dodge Plan stopped the policy of official price setting and controlled inflation. In other words, the Dodge Plan finally removed the root causes of the heavy deficit problem of key industries.
- 東洋英和女学院大学の論文
- 1996-00-00