グリゴーリイ・カルポヴィチ・コトシーヒン『アレクセイ・ミハイロヴィチ帝治下のロシアについて』 : 試訳と註(8)
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This is the eighth part of our translation. The previous parts were published in the preceding numbers of this bulletin (No.45-1,1994, No.46-1,1995, No.47-1,1996, No.48-1,1997, No.49-1,1998, No.50-1,1999, No.51-1, 2000). Present part includes all sections of Chapter Eight (11 sections), Chapter Nine (12 sections), Chapter Ten (7 sections) and Chapter Eleven (6 sections). Chapter Eight as a whole is devoted to the provincial administration of the mid-17th century Russia, especially to the judicial, financial and military functions of the voevodas, who were to be appointed by the central government and dispatched from Moscow to various local centers as a governor general at that time. In Chapter Nine Kotoshikhin discusses the Muscovite army of the mid-17th century. Beginning with the way of military levies and reviews in Moscow, he gives us a brief but informative account of the armed forces of his time, consisting of three elements: traditional old noble militia, made up of landholding serving men and their dependents, musketeers (strel'tsy) regiments which were organized in the previous century as the first standing army in Russia, and the so-called "regiments of new formation" (polki novogo storoia), units organized in the 1630s along European lines and given Western names (reitar regiments, soldaty regiments and draguny regiments). Chapter Ten, the shortest chapter in this work, is comprised of seven brief sections but gives us a useful pieces of information on the various categories of urban population of the day and their activities: gosti, merchants of gostinaia sotni and sukonaia sotni and other posad men. In Chapter Eleven, also a short chapter of seven sections, Kotoshikhin describes the situation among peasants, living on various categories of land: crown land (dvortsovye), black land (chernye), land owened by ecclesiastical institutions like as patriarch, metropolitans, archbishops, bishops and monasteries, pomes'e and votchina owned by boyars, duma men and other serving men.
- 静岡大学の論文
- 2001-07-31
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