'Blueshirts' Beleaguered : Lifting the Veil on the 1936 Xian Incident
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概要
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Due to a paucity of reliable materials until the last decade or so, and also because of the organization's own secretive nature, the proto-fascist faction of Chiang Kai-shek loyalists-cum-spies within the Nationalist Party, the Lixingshe or 'Blue Shirts', has not received the attention it deserves. This paper deals with its role in the 1936 Xian Incident, a subject which is even less explored because of the veil hitherto cast by Nationalist Party historiography over those events too. Relying chiefly on recently published memoirs of Lixingshe members and participants in the Xian events, the paper seeks to look behind the scenes, throwing new light both on the Incident itself and on the complex clash of personalities within the Nationalist Party over strategies for ending Chiang Kai-shek's detention in Xian, as well as on the political maelstrom that was China on the eve of war. The paper finds that the Lixingshe not only failed in its role as a spy organization by proving itself unable to prevent the Incident, but also (perhaps inevitably) failed the test of absolute loyalty to Chiang Kai-shek by attempting to find a political solution to the crisis instead of putting his survival above all else. While the immediate result of the Lixingshe's debacle was the dissolution of the intra-Party factions Chiang had hitherto relied on to maintain control, the long-term result was the decision to stand up to Japan, which had been the condition of Chiang's release from captivity. Above all, however, the Lixingshe's debacle was a self-inflicted one, since its unquestioning adherence to Chiang's policy of appeasing Japan had flown in the face of overwhelming national anger.
- 桃山学院大学の論文
- 1998-02-28
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関連論文
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