アーサーと夢 : どうしてグロリアーナと出会えないのか((文学・文化編))
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概要
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The titular knights in The Faery Queene are figures who continue to develop. Spenser says in Letter to Raleigh that Arthur is the main character symbolizing magnificence which includes the twelve Aristotelian moral virtues. He sees the image of Gloriana in his dream or vision, and falls deeply in love with her. Following his quest for Gloriana, readers expect to see a beautiful last scene in which Arthur will meet Gloriana in her palace in Fairy Land. But Arthur disappears in the middle of Book VI and his quest is never completed. Why can't he meet Gloriana? From the psychological point of view, the vision of Gloriana can be seen as his and the reader's (courtier's) anima. Anima images are the female part in men's unconscious mind. And men have to recognize their anima images as part of themselves and inject them into themselves to start individuation. After Book III, Gloriana is mentioned as a god like the Sun. This means that she is developing into some supreme divinity by herself and she doesn't need any male partner who should be injected into herself. Thus Arthur can't meet her to become a perfect man. As for courtiers, Gloriana is also beyond their recognition because human beings can't inject the image of gods into themselves. So what they get to recognize as their anima image is not Gloriana, but Queen Elizabeth herself. I think Spenser's real intention to discipline courtiers is to have them recognize this point. Only in this way would the quest for Gloriana be completed and would England become the country of individuation.
- 2004-03-18