準体法と形式名詞「コト」 : 狂言資料を中心に
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概要
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It has been recognized that rentai-kei, or adnominal form of verb, could become a kind of noun itself in the past. 'Sakeru' in the phrase 'sakeru-wo', for example, appears as a noun in grammatical construction. This use of rentai-kei has been called juntai-hou, in other words, pseudo-nominalization. 'Koto', which existed as a nominalizer, also flourished as well as juntai-hou in those days. What has to be noticed is that both juntai-hou and 'koto' had a common function to nominalize a verb, although each nominalization had been done by different motivation. While 'koto' has only the general function of nominalization, juntai-hou has a peculiar function to make ones imagine the situation pertaining to the content of speaking. Juntai-hou has already disappeared in modern Japanese except several idioms. That is due to particles, because thek effect to converge the declaration has weakened. It is considered that all particles have the function of convergence ; they could make the declare of verb complete and converge the declaration. As for juntai-hou, it is the particle that nominalize a verb, and rentai-kei must not be a noun, but a verb to the last. This interpretation for particles may account for many grammatical structures. Convergence by particles applies not to only juntai-hou but to some expressions which can be seen in modern Japanese. For instance, particle 'wa', which is recognized as a topic marker, permits to follow various forms of words. These phenomena indicate that 'wa' has high degree of convergence, and that is why there exist more 'wa' expressions using juntai-hou.
- 2002-03-22