自然の社会化と環境リスク : 環境リスク論の社会学的位相(文化編)
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概要
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In contemporary societies, dreadful hazards like nuclear explosions, large-scale accidents of chemical plants, or gene manipulation has to be grasped in the context of the 'socialization of nature'. As intervenient ability of society in nature grows, nature becomes increasingly a domain of human decision-making, while society becomes decreasingly controllable for us. In such situation, the important problem that we are confronted with, is how we can redefine the boundary between society and nature. I attempt to examine two approchies in this article, both of which address to diverse threats, overflowing into contemporary societies, but they are opposite each other about a possibility of rational controll over risks. The first approach is the 'Risk Society' theory, which has been presented by a German sociologist, Ulrich Beck. The second one is the 'Environmental Risk' theory, which has been presented by Nakanishi Junko, a Japanese professor of environmental engineering. Through comparative examination of these two approchies, the difference in meaning between 'naturalistic' perspectives and 'culturalistic' perspectives to risks becomes clear. While the former regards risks mainly as natural phenomena, the boundary between society and nature, that exists behind risk phenomena, emerges as a cutural self-understanding of that society from the latter perspectives. Through elucidating of the cultural characteristics of this boundary, such a sociological study about environmental risks will be able to contribute to a public discussion which is oriented to redefine that boundary.
- 大阪外国語大学の論文
- 1998-09-30