Fisheries Policy, the World Fisheries Crisis and Policy Reforms of the U.S.A. and the Falkland Islands
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概要
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The fishing industries of the world are currently in a crisis brought about mainly by overfishing : the capture of too many fish such that the population cannot recover and so collapses dramatically. This paper considers how overfishing occurs, its wider effects and what might be done to control it. Brief reference is made to the history of attempts to reach agreements on how to control overfishing, and to three recently published commission reports : two on the state of ocean policy in the U.S.A., and a review of the licensing policies of the Falkland Islands Government. The Falkland Islands are chosen as an illustration of a small country with simple, well-defined objectives and a responsible attitude to refining its approaches to successfully managing the dynamic fisheries for finfish and coastal and oceanic species of squid. It is noted that, despite large differences in conditions (climate, objectives, history of fishing, target species, levels of organization, degrees of political influence and interest of the local population in fishing activities), the methods advocated in the U.S.A. and the Falklands to improve fisheries policy appear to be converging towards rights based licensing, the importance of taking an overview of the ecosystem (rather than specific target species in isolation), and the recognition of the importance of economic, social and political aspects of fishery use in addition to scientific marine research.
- 2004-12-31
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関連論文
- Changes in the English Language Programs at Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University : I. Needs Analysis and Objectives for the Policy Management Courses
- Fisheries Policy, the World Fisheries Crisis and Policy Reforms of the U.S.A. and the Falkland Islands
- Changes in the English Language Programs at Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University : II. The New Curriculum for the First-Year Policy Management Courses