「ピクチャレスク」の時代 : イギリス18世紀における自然観と『リリカル・バラッズ』(1798)

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This paper explores the picturesque as an aesthetic term in the 18th century England, and examines the 'cult' of the picturesque among the middle class people in the age, considering its historical relation to the industrial revolution. William Gilpin' travel books were popular among the reading public, and trips to the places where Gilpin depicts as having picturesque beauty became in vogue, producing various consumer goods such as the "Claude glass." According to Gilpin, picturesque qualities are defined as irregularity, roughness and variety, and Uvedale Price, an exponent of the picturesque, refined it to be a distinct aesthetic category different from beauty and sublime. Their theories of the picturesque are examined in detail, in view of the ideological bias hidden behind the facade of focusing on visual values. This paper also considers descriptive qualities of the picturesque in a few poems of Wordsworth and Coleridge in the Lyrical Ballads in 1798, making clear how these poets reacted to the cult of the age.
2005-02-28