大規模開発と地域住民 : インドネシアのダム事業による移転に対する住民運動の展開とその限界
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概要
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The Kotopanjang dam located in central Sumatra of Indonesia, was constructed with finances obtained through the Official Development Assistance of Japan for power generation The construction of this dam has forced at least 17,000 people from a total often villages to move, two in the West Sumatra Province including the Tanjung Pauh village, and eight in the Riau Province Problems in the planning of this project included the issue of non-transparency, where from the very beginning the local people were not provided by the authorities with clear details concerning their resettlement Although this area encompassed the Minangkabau society noted for the uniqueness of its culture, yet the project failed to pay serious attention to such social and cultural aspects It was only after the completion of the environmental management report, that the Tanjung Pauh villagers were given an explanation by the local government regarding their resettlement plan Since then they have begun to demand that the local government modify these resettlement plans, by insisting upon the fulfillment of several conditions The location of their resettlement, which was one of their demands, was accepted, and consequently they were re-located within the same village However, their common land (tanah ulayai), the base of Minangkabau society, was almost entirely submerged, and has now grown incapable sustaining the population In the process of implementing this program, not only were the demands of the villagers not fulfilled, the relocation programs that the local government itself had planned, were not implemented. The end result was that the local people were unable to set up a firm economic base, and were consequently forced to eke out a living under harsh conditions. After the resettlement, the Tanjung Pauh villagers demanded that the local government settle the question of unpaid compensation and improve the rubber plantations and drinking water facilities, but almost all these demands have yet to be fulfilled. Following the collapse of the Suharto regime, in the year 2000, the villagers assisted by the Bukittinggi Legal Aid Office filed a lawsuit against the local government at the district court, demanding unpaid compensation. Although the issues and methods adopted by the movement have diversified, yet the fundamental problems remain unsolved.
- 上智大学の論文
- 2004-12-27