各種ガイドラインおよび高校英語教科書に見る敬称の問題(<特集>女性と教育)
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概要
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The feminist movement, dating back to the 1970s, is often regarded as a social campaign aimed at achieving the equal treatment of men and women. However, it can also be viewed as a linguistic campaign to secure equality between the sexes. The influence of the feminist movement on the English language is observed in its recent usage trends: the avoidance of the pseudogeneric MAN and HE, or the preference of MS over MISS and MRS, which unnecessarily reveal a woman's marital status. There exist various kinds of expressions that are currently criticised as being sexist; however, in this paper, we will limit our discussion to courtesy titles for women. In Ishikawa (2003), we summarised antecedent studies on women's titles and surveyed the usage explanations of MS, MISS and MRS as provided in some English-English dictionaries for EFL learners. All the dictionaries we examined had already entered MS as a headword. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how women's courtesy titles are treated in society and education. Firstly, we will overview the problem of traditional courtesy titles of MISS and MRS in Chapter 1, and have a brief look at the history of a new courtesy title of MS in Chapter 2. In Chapter 3, our focus is to be put on several kinds of usage handbooks for non-sexist language, most of which are written for educational and academic purposes. Then, in Chapter 4, we will examine the women's courtesy titles seen in the high school English textbooks used in Japan. Our attention will be oriented to the frequencies of the three courtesy titles as well as to the context in which they are used.
- 2004-03-31