動脈硬化における細胞外マトリックスとマトリックスメタロプロテアーゼの役割(<特集>動脈硬化と細胞外マトリックス)

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This review focuses on recent works of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and extracellular matrix macromolecules (ECMs) in relation to atherosclerosis. Many kinds of ECMs are mainly produced by smooth muscle cells (SMC) in both normal arterial wall and atherosclerotic lesions. In particular, type I, III, IV, V, VIII and elastin are high level expressed in atherosclerotic lesions. MMPs mainly produced by SMC and macrophages are MMP-1, 2, 3, 7, 9 and 12 in arterial wall. MMP-1, 2 and 3 highly expressed in the media of fetuses and neonates but during the aging, the MMP-1 and 3 expression is decreased. Platelet-derived growth factors can stimulate SMC to produce MMP-1, 3 and 12 and collagen type I. MMP9 and 3 expression is related to aneurysm formation in aortas. Elevation of the blood level of MMP-2 and 9 is detected in acute coronary syndrome due to the plaque rupture but no direct causal relationship between MMP activity and plaque rupture as yet to be demonstrated. Since the multi-potential roles in many pathological, events in arterial wall including atherosclerosis, aneurysm and plaque instability, MMPs would become a potential therapeutic target. In addition to regulation of the MMP expression in arterial wall, recent genetic work should be focused to a better understanding of the pathological events in arterial wall, their protection and the prognosis.
2002-12-25

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