各種咬合位における総義歯の対合接触状態に関する研究

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In 1964, Ochiai of our Department of Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan, published a detailed report on the occlusal contacts of the upper and lower teeth at different occlusal position, in which the occlusal contacts were classified in terms of age, occlusal areas were measured in individuals and a classification was established of occlusal points as well as occlusal facets, i.e., small, medium and large occlusal facets. From the consideration of the occlusal equilibrium or masticatory efficiency in the light of prosthetics, the author conducted the present studies with the following 4 groups : Group A (30 cases of full balance dentures, in which the central occlusion was used as a benchmark and adjustment effected by automatic grinding), Group B (26 cases of group balance dentures), Group D (19 complete dentures with adjustment by selective point grinding) and Group C (12 cases of complete dentures, in which the central relationship was used as a benchmark and adjustment effected by selective point grinding). All the groups consisted of males who were over 50 years of age. These subjects were subjected to comrarative analyses of occlusal contacts not only in arches, but also in individual teeth and, as a result of these studies, the author arrived at the following conclusions. 1. Of the four groups examined, Group A was found to be the largest both in the number of occlusal contacts and surface area. In order next came Group B, Group C and Group D. The findings can be tabulated as follows. [table] 2. In terms of the occlusal equilibrium for the four groups, Group A maintained full balance at all the occlusal positions, while Group B brought forth group balance in the molar region at the central occlusion with a similar balance to group A at other occlusal positions. As regards Group C, the occlusal equilibrium was found on several teeth sporadically at the central occlusion, some teeth had 3-point contact equilibrium and others were observed to be out of equilibrium altogether. Finnally in Group D, a few teeth maintained the occlusal equilibrium at the central occlusion but a great majority were found to be out of equilibrium altogether. 3. When the contact areas were analytically compared, Group A was found to be the best and Group B gave somewhat similar findings. On the other hand, Group C and D were decidedly inferior to the first two groups. That is, Group A had many small contact areas at different occlusal positions, while Group B also had similar contact behaviors. Group C and D had large contact areas but much restricted in their numbers respectively. 4. The natural and artificial arches in each of the four groups were comparatively studied and revealed the following findings. The values here given are approximate. [table] The artificial arches in Group A had a somewhat larger number of antagonistic contacts than the natural arches at different occlusal positions. In the former, however, contact surfaces were adjusted to be small enough and, therefore, the masticatory efficiency was maximum even with small surfaces. Group B gave the similar findings. On the other hand, Groups C and D at different occlusal positions resemble the natural arches in both the number of antagonistic contacts and surface areas and, for this reason, these were much smaller than those of Groups A and B, with an attendant reduction in the masticatory efficiency.
日本補綴歯科学会の論文
1971-12-31

各種咬合位における総義歯の対合接触状態に関する研究

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