環境インパクト評価とリサイクル(<特集>研究・技術政策の国際的展開)
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概要
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When dealing with environmental problems we should be aware of the complexity involved as a result of their non-linearity. Environmental policy should recognize the limits of the resolutional analysis method. For example, the Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, proposed by SETAC (Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry), is effective to a certain extent when evaluating a product's utility and impact on society from a specific viewpoint. The LCA method, however, can only use part of the relevant data on a given environmental aspect and therefore the result of the analysis is partial. There is also the Design for Environment (DFE) method. Without claiming to be objective, DFE is an valuable as LCA as a product and process developing method. Both approaches propose a life cycle model independent from the social setting. Those would result, therefore, in social disadvantages. With regard to recycling, the policy aimed at relieving environmental impact is an approach aiming at the self-organization and autonomy of the social system. Recycle feeds back not only the resulting materials but also elements such as information, money, and trust. Resources industries consume much energy. Resources industries, such as the cement industry in Japan, have received industrial wastes from other industries and have utilized them to make new products. Resources industries are to "reservoirs" in industrial recycling systems what the sea is to meteorologically cyclic systems on the earth.
- 1994-06-30