生体計測及び最大筋力などから見た自動車制御装置の人間工学的研究
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With a view to profit to the prevention of driver's fatigue and traffic accidents, a study on man-machine system in buses and trucks-consisiting of drivers and driver's seats and controls-was made. Body dimensions of the driver's group, dimensions and locations of driver's seats and controls were measured, then adaptations between drivers and equipments were considered. On the other hand, maximum strength of extremities given to the controls-the steering wheel, levers and pedals-were measured, and then physiological standards about the dimension and the location of controls were considered. Results were as follows: 1) From the study of the dimentional adaptation between drivers and equipments, inadequate adaptation was found in several points-distance from the top of the foot pedal to the lower edge of the steering wheel, dimension of seats and range of seat adjustabilities etc. 2) As to the maximum strength given to the steering wheel, a) the nearer to 90 degrees stood the inclination of the wheel and the nearer to the body stood the wheel, the larger was the strength, b) the nearer to 0 degree stood the inclination of the wheel and the farther to the body stood the wheel, the larger was the strength: c) It seemed to be a good posture when the angle of elbow joint stood at 90∼100 degrees. 3) As to the maximum strength given to the lever, a) the larger the forward distance with which the lever stood, the lager was the strength, b) the larger the sideward distance, the smaller the strength; c) in the case of pulling backward, strength given in pronated position of the forearm was larger than that in a mid-position between the extremes of pronation and supination. 4) As to the maximum strength given to the pedal, a) the larger the forward distance with which the pedal stood, the larger was the strength, b) the larger the angle of the direction with which the pedal stood, the smaller the strength, c) it seemed to be a good posture when the angle of the knee joint maintained at 120∼130 degrees. 5) As to the ability to keep certain strength (5, 10, 15, and 20 kg.) against the pedal, the larger the strength, the lower the accuracy and the shorter the period during which that strength was sustained.
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