Effect of growth irradiance on the maximum photosynthetic capacity of water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms]

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概要

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• We grew water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms] for 60 days in a greenhouse under natural light and in a controlled environment room at 31/25℃ day/night temperatures and 90, 320 and 750 μEm^<-2>sec^<-1>. We then determined maximum photosynthetic rates in 21% and 1% oxygen, stomatal diffusion resistances, contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein, and the size and density of the photosynthetic units (PSU) in representative leaves from the four treatments. In air containing 21% oxygen, maximum photosynthetic rates were 14, 27 and 29 mg CO_2 dm^<-2>hr^<-1> for plants grown in artificial light at 90, 320 and 750 μEm^<-2>sec^<-1>, respectively. Plants grown in natural light (maximum of 2000 μEm^<-2>sec^<-1>) had maximum photosynthetic rates of 34 mg CO_2 dm^<-2>hr^<-1>. In all treatments, photosynthetic rates in 1% oxygen were about 50% greater than rates in normal air, indicating the presence of photorespiration in water hyacinth. There was no apparent relationship between maximum photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area and stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content per unit area, or PSU density per unit area. However, the higher maximum photosynthetic rates were associated with greater mesophyll conductances, specific leaf weights and protein contents per unit area. When plants grown at 90 μEm^<-2>sec^<-1> for 120 days were transferred to 750 μEm^<-2>sec^<-1> for 5 days, only young leaves that were just beginning to expand at the time of transfer exhibited adaptation to the higher irradiance. The 40% increase in light-saturated photosynthetic rate in these young leaves was associated with increases in mesophyll conductance, soluble protein content per unit area, and specific leaf weight.

• 日本植物生理学会の論文

著者

• Duke Stephen

  South. Weed Sci. Lab. U.s. Dep. Agric. Ag. Res. Serv.

• Patterson David

  Southern Weed Science Laboratory

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