Changes in histones during the vernalization of wheat embryos

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The effect of cold-treatment on chromatin-histone in winter wheat embryos was studied. As the embryos were vernalized, the amount of whole histone increased about two-fold, but the histone content in excised embryos incubated in a medium containing sugar was changed little by prolonged chilling. These results suggest that the increase in histone content is not necessarily connected with the vernalizing response. Disc electrophoretic patterns of whole histone from vernalized embryos gave a relatively distinct band of the faster moving component of Fraction F-1 histone which was very scanty in non-vernalized embryos but distinct in spring wheat embryos. Al-though there was no increase in whole histone content, the faster-moving band of F-1 was more conspicuous and bands of the other fractions were fainter in the vernalized excised embryos. These observations suggest that this particular component of Fraction F-1 histone is connected with the vernalizing response. As vernalization proceeded, the amino acid composition of whole histone changed and the lysine-arginine ratio became higher, in agreement with the observed increase in the lysine-rich fraction (F-1) of histones. Nuclear size increased about two-fold during the period of vernalization, supporting the view that in embryos exposed to low temperature, cell division hardly proceeds.
日本植物生理学会の論文