金戒光明寺所蔵山越阿弥陀図と地獄極楽図屏風について
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概要
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Yamagoshi no Amida Zu and Jigoku Gokuraku Zu owned by Konkaikoumyou-ji Temple in Kyoto, are a set of Buddhist paintings made in the Kamakura period (the late 13th century). In the former painting, Amitabha coming across the mountains is painted, and in the latter painting, three worlds, Jigoku (Hell), Gokuraku (Heaven), and this world in which we live, are painted according to Buddhism outlook on the universe. In this paper, the author has taken a fresh look at the usage of these two paintings, with special attention given to a ceremony for a dying person. First, fragments of many colored threads are found on Yamagoshi no Amida Zu. The priest Genshin, in his work the Ojo-Yoshu, describes Rinjugyogi (a dying ceremony), in which a sick person on his dying bed holds threads tied to a Buddhist image. Therefore, this painting is thought to have been used for the dying person to believe firmly the salvation of Amitabha. Secondly, as for Jigoku Gokuraku Zu, it is quite hard to think that this painting was appreciated by the dying person himself because of its intricate pictorial content. This should rather be considered to have been served for the consolation of those who cared for him on his deathbed, and to have encouraged the bereaved at the funeral to be convinced that the soul of the dead would rest in peace in the next world. In conclusion, both Yamagoshi no Amida Zu and Jigoku Gokuraku Zu can be seen to have been set up simultaneously at the bedside of a dying person. As a result, this set of painting can be interpreted to have been used at the religious rite where not only a dving person but also the surviving people might accept death as the salvation of Amitabha. In short, the value of both paintings can be estimated as the media of both the living and the dead in the community of the Japanese Medieval Period.
- 美学会の論文
- 1991-06-30
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