BURGLARS' SPECIALISATION:DEVELOPMENT OF A THEMATIC APPROACH IN INVESTIGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY
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概要
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In this study, the process of burglars' specialisation was examined. 15 sub-categories of burglaries committed by 3,066 burglars were analysed, using a thematic approach. The result of an SSA-I showed that four themes existed in the structure of burglary:'residential', 'commercial', 'public', and 'industrial/storage'. Also it was found that 'residential'and'commercial'burglaries were the most distinct from each other, providing for two dominant foci for burglaries. The results of POSA also confirmed that most burglars specialised in either'residential'or'commercial'burglaries. Few were specialised in 'public'or'industrial/storage'burglaries. In addition, the number of people who specialised in commercial burglaries decreased with the increase of burgling experiences. The psychological processes underlying burglars' specialisation in one theme, or shift from one to another, are discussed. This study shows that the thematic approach offers a method of studying the multidimensional nature of burglars' psychological processes of specialisation. 1. Introduction 'Burglary'is one of the most common serious crimes in many countries. In Japan, 296,486 burglaries (i.e. thefts through breaking and entering) were recorded in 2000, being 12.1% of all crimes (National Police Agency, 2001). However the majority of burglaries remained unsolved. In 2000 only 36.8% of all burglaries (n=109,128) were solved in Japan. The chief reason for such a poor clear-up rate is probably the delay in reporting the offence. A lot of victims are not able to report the offence as soon as it has occurred because, being away at the time, they knew nothing about it (Walsh, 1980). Moreover, burglars do not contact or confront their victims directly (Walsh, 1980). This makes it even more difficult for the police to get information about criminals from eyewitnesses or victims. A number of studies have pointed out criminals' specialisation in burglaries, where the specialisation is defined as the consistent perpetration of one type of crimes (e.g. arson, burglary).
- 日本行動計量学会の論文
著者
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David Canter
Centre For Investigative Psychology Department Of Psychology The University Of Liverpool
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Yokota Kaeko
Investigation Support Section National Research Institute of Police Science