Photoperiodic System in Physiological Reality

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Photoperiodism is involved in a variety of morphological, physiological and ecological adaptations in insect life. Yet, underlying physiological mechanisms are so complex that we have only superficial understanding. Photoperiodic system consists of at least three functional units ; photoreception, photoperiodic time measurement per se and endocrine switch mechanism. If these units are separate entities, the neuronal communications between them must exist, though the possibility that the first or last two units or all may reside in the same single cell cannot be precluded. Many now believe that photoperiodic clock is closely associated with circadian oscillation, the molecular genetic mechanism of which has been rapidly disclosed recently. This article challenges the problem both by our original data from immunohistochemical investigations employing various antibodies including photoreceptive protein, neurotransmitters, neurotransmitter receptors and clock gene products and HPLC analyses on free amino acids and biogenic amines and by laying out our current knowledge on each of the above functional units based on molecular biological and neuro-endocrinological analyses. Comparison among several model systems for insect circadian/photoperiodic clocks revealed an astonishing variability both in behavior of circadian gene products such as PER and in colocalization patterns in putative hormonal agents and PER, which calls for an intensive future study in each model species.
日本昆虫学会の論文
1999-12-25

Photoperiodic System in Physiological Reality

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