Rapid Evacuation of Spermatophore Contents and Male Post-mating Behaviour in Alderflies (Megaloptera : Sialidae)
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概要
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The members of Megaloptera are separable into three groups : dobsonflies, fishflies and alderflies. In dobsonflies, a large gelatinous spermatophore is produced, and copulation ends shortly (within a few minutes) when attaching the spermatophore externally to the female genitalia. After separation the female eats the gelatinous mass for more than 2 h, during which time the sperm migrates into the female genital cavity. By contrast, in fishflies, there is prolonged copulation following spermatophore transfer (which lasts 2-6 h), and the spermatophore possesses no gelatinous mass. To examine the relationship between spermatophore structure and male mating behaviour of the third group, the alderflies, the mating behaviour of seven species of Sialis was observed in the laboratory. They inseminated via the externally attached spermatophore in the same way as dobsonflies and fishflies. However, the spermatophore had no gelatinous mass as in fishflies, and copulation ended shortly after spermatophore transfer (in copula for only 0.5-2 min) as in dobsonflies. The female removed the spermatophore shortly after mating, which was attached for only 7.3-12.7 min. Why do not male alderflies prevent the female from removing the spermatophore? Because the time to empty the spermatophore is very short (6.4-7.3 min when placed in insect Ringer), which time is ensured even though the male does not guard the spermatophore. Rapid evacuation of spermatophore contents may be owing to a thicker and shorter spermatophore tube in alderflies than in the other groups. Thus, three types of male post-mating behaviour are observed in megalopteran species ; (1) rapid evacuation of spermatophore contents without post-mating guarding as in alderflies, (2) behavioural protection afforded by direct contact with the mated female as in fishflies, and (3) indirect protection by feeding the mated female with a gelatinous mass as in dobsonflies. These types of mating behaviour also occur in crickets and to some extent in bushcrickets, probably as a result of evolutionary convergence among these insect groups inseminating via the externally attached spermatophore.
- 日本昆虫学会の論文
- 1999-03-25
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