A Faunal Survey of Fig-wasps (Chalcidoidea : Hymenoptera) Distributed in Japan and Their Associations with Figs (Ficus : Moraceae)

概要

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Species compositions of fig-wasps were investigated in 14 figs (Ficus) distributed in Japan. A total of 38 species (Agaonidae : 36 spp. ; Ormyridae : 1 sp. ; Eurytomidae : 1 sp.) have been recognized during this survey. All fig-wasps were associated with only a single species of fig, suggesting extreme host specificity. All fig species have their own pollinators (Agaoninae), while there are considerable differences on the species richness of non-pollinating fig-wasps among fig species. Eight out of 9 species of wasps belonging to Epichrysomallinae or Otitesellinae were obtained from 3 species of monoecious figs and all but one dioecious fig did not have any wasps from these subfamilies. These facts agree with previous observations which lead to the recent hypothesis that dioecious figs evolved under the selective pressure of non-pollinating fig-wasps. However, the hypothesis should be confirmed with further studies about the ecology of non-pollinating fig-wasps. Factors which may affect differences in fig-wasp compositions between Japan and other Asian regions are also discussed.
日本昆虫学会の論文
1998-03-25