真珠の微量成分含量の支配因子
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概要
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In order to examlne factors controlling amounts of minor elements in calcium carbonate skeletons during the growth of skeletons in biological systems, the chemical composition of pearls was analyzed and compared with that of molluscan shells. Generally speaking, seawater pearls have larger amounts of alkallne earth elements (Mg, Sr), alkali metal elements (Na, Li) and anion elements (Cl, SO_4), and freshwater pearls are rich in manganese. Amounts of heavy metal elements (Cu, Zn, Fe) are irrespective of seawater pearls and freshwater pearls, which of heavy metal elements is concentrated in pearls are rather different from species to species of molluscs. Pearls grow in the fluid secreated by pearl-sac epithelium. The fluld seems to be the same composition as the extrapallial fluid secreated by outer mantle epithelium. The extrapallial fluid are simllar in the concentration of inorganic ions to the haemolymph but different from environmental water. Particularly, almost all of cations and anions is concentrated in the extrapallial fluid of freshwater bivalves but much lower than the extrapallial fluid of seawater bivalves except for bicarbonate and heavy metal ions. It is likely that the incorporation ratio of the minor elements into pearls and shells is affected by the concentration and form of the elements in the fluids regulated by biological function. However, calcitic pearls have magnesium in larger amounts than aragonitic pearls, the crystal type of calcium carbonate appears to be the most important factor controlling the content of magnesium in pearls.
- 宝石学会(日本)の論文
- 1988-11-25
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