昆虫の炭水化物分解酵素についてI. : 数種昆虫に於ける炭水化物分解酵素の分布
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概要
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1) Carbohydrases of several insects have been investigated by the following methods: a) Reduction test Somogyi's reagent was used of the detection of reducing sugar produced as the result of enzymatic decomposition of non-reducing carbodydrates. When the reducing disaccharides were used as substrates, Barfod's reagent was used. In accordance with the amounts of precipitation formed, semi-quantitative results were obtained. b) Paper chromatographic test for pursuing the course of reaction and confirming the enzymatic degradation of substrates, paper chromatographic method was used. Spot area after 24 hrs. is measured for the index of enzyme activity. As to the course of decomposition, two type are recognized; type A…gradual devvelopment of spot. type B…rapid development of spot. 2) The results of the experiments are as follows; a) Adzuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis L. α-glucosidases, α-galactosidases and β-fructosidases are active, but the decomposition of β-galactosides and β-glucosides are weak. In the case of polyases only amylase is active. b) Bean blister beetle adult, Epicauta gorhami Marseul, the results are nearly as same as that of the adzuki bean weevil. c) Silkworm larva, Bombyx mori L. Digestive tract: Except the lower activity β-glucosidases, all other oligases high activity. Polyases generally show lower activity compared with the coleopterous insects, but inulase is active. Haemolymph: Only β-fructosidases are active. d) Japanese giant silk moth larva, Dictyoploca japonica Butler, digestive tract: In general, as same as the silkworm, except the lower activities of polyases. Haemolymph: Same as that of the silkworm. e) The activities and distributions of carbohydrases are closely connected with the food habits of the food habits of the insects. f) Weidenhagen's theory is principally substantiated, but few exceptions are recognized. 1) In the adzuki bean weevil and bean blister beetle, the decomposition of cellobiose is clear, but that of amygdalin and salicin is weak or slight. 2) In the haemolymph of silkworm, trehalase is not present, but other α-glucosidases are detected. g) Prunase takes part in the decomposition of amygdalin in the digestive tracts of silkworm and japanese giant silk moth larvae. h) Melibiose formation in decomposition of raffinose is influenced by the melibiase activity.
- 社団法人日本動物学会の論文
- 1954-06-15