ショウジョウバエ集団の季節的消長

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Seasonal fluctuations of Drosophila were studied on the basis of the data obtained from observations on Mt. Dakesan, near Matsue City, during a period from April to November, 1961. Among a total of 41 species collected, D. bizonata, D. lutea, D. subtilis, D. angularis and D. immigrans were abundant in number. However, their ranking and degree of abundance were highly variable according to month (Fig. 1). Population structure in each month was also variable by altitude as well by season. Monthly variation of population structure for each month during a period from April to November was classified into the following five patterns according to the correlation coefficient method: 1) the over-winter period (Novmber through April), 2) the first active period (May through June), 3) the pre-summer resting period (July), 4) the postsummer resting period (August) and 5) the second active period (September through October). Seasonal fluctuation of the total population-size was shown by a bimodal curve in Sta's. I and II, showing two peaks, one in spring and the other in autumn. In Sta. III, seasonal fluctuation was a monomodal type, showing a yearly maximum in summer. Most of the representative species displayed an altitudinal difference in seasonal activity. Drosophila bizonata and D. angularis were of a monomodal activity type in three stations, presenting a seasonal peak in autumn, while D. lutea and D. subtilis displayed a bimodal activity in Sta's. I and II, with two seasonal peaks, one in spring and the other in autumn. However, the former showed a monomodal (spring) type and the latter an indefinite type Sta. III. Drosophila immigrans and D. rufa were abundant in number only in Sta. III and displayed a monomodal activity type, with a seasonal peak in summer. In the light of the present observations, it is evident that species of Drosophila are abundant in number at the foot of and midway up Mt. Dakesan in spring and autumn seasons, while on the summit in summer time, and further that there is a related feature with respect to the number of species: the species collected was abundant in number on the foot and midway of the mountain in spring and autumn seasons, while on the summit in summer. In view of the above results, it seems apparent that migration may be a factor controlling the seasonal fluctuation of the Drosophila population.
社団法人日本動物学会の論文
1963-04-15

ショウジョウバエ集団の季節的消長

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