水蒸気爆発で発生する黒煙柱の初期形態と, 火口付近の噴火前地形及び爆発点源の位置との関係

概要

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This study clarifies that we can estimate the location of explosion point and the pre-eruptive topography around it by using the data of the shape of black column in very early stage of steam explosion, even if it occurred under sea water. This conclusion is obtained from the following two results in the computer simulation. (1) The shape of blast clouds which appear few seconds after steam explosion well reflects initial velocity distribution of ejecta and also indirecty reflects the pre-eruptive topography of craters. (2) The author simulated the steam explosion of Myojin reef at 13:12 on 23rd Sep., 1952. In the calculation, various topographic models are used to simulate very well the shape of blast cloud recorded by a photograph. It is deduced that the steam explosion at Myojin reef stratovolcano occurred to lose a part of the summit crater rim under sea water.
1994-07-20