過剰咬合圧がインプラント周囲組織に及ぼす影響に関する実験的研究
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概要
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An experiment in dogs was undertaken to examine the effect of extra occlusal force on the surrounding tissue of apatite implants. Apatite implants were implanted in the mandible of adult dogs, and an occlusal plate with 30° mesiodistal inclination was set on the opposite maxilla. Furthermore, occlusion was elevated by 2mm at the anterior teeth, and extra lateral force was provided. The dogs were examined for eight weeks clinically and histopathologically after setting the super structure. The results were as follows : 1. Clinically, both the experimental side (implant given extra lateral force) and the control side (semi-functioning without occlusal contacts) showed about healthy peripheral gingiva. The implants were firmly secured and no mobility was observed except in one case. The depth of pockets in the peripheral gingiva of the implants was within the range of 2-3mm in most cases, although some pockets were as 4-6mm. No changes were seen during the experiment. 2. Radiologically, both the experimental and control sides showed many instances of saucerization bone resorption at the alveolar crest. In many cases also, radiolucency of the layer bordering the implant was observed in part. Radiolucency extending to all sides was observed in several cases. However, changes such as bone resorption images were not seen during the experimental period. 3. Histopathologically, bone tissue and fibrous connective tissue were observed bordering the implant intermingled. There were many variations such as bone tissue bordering nearly in all sides and fibrous connective tissue bordering in most of the sides. 4. The fibrous connective tissue bordering the implant consisted of dense collagen fibers running parallel to the implant surface. At the corners, there were many twolayer structures with the inner layer of dense fibers bordering the implant and the outer layer of loose fibrous connective tissue. 5. Of the cases of relatively short periods of 3 days and one week, in the cases which had only a few portions bordering bone tissue, fibers bordering the implant in the mesial corner were denser than those in the distal corner in the experimental side. In the cases which had many portions bordering bone tissue, no such tendency was observed either in the experimental or control side. 6. In the two-week cases, the cases which had many portions bordering bone tissue also had dense fibers bordering the implant in the experimental side. 7. In the four week cases, the cases which had many portions bordering bone tissue also had dense fibrous connective tissue. The degree was greater in the experimental side than in the control side, and this tendency was greater in the mesial corner than in the distal corner. Furthermore, serrated trabecula of various sizes bordered the connective tissue seen in the mesial corner of the experimental side. 8. In the 8-week cases, the bone tissue around the implant had much fatty marrow in both the experimental and control sides, and stable images were observed. Also, there was no markedness in fibrous connective tissue becoming dense. 9. In the experimental side of 4- and 8-week cases, inflammatory cellular infiltration extending into deeper regions was observed in a few cases.
- 九州歯科学会の論文
- 1987-04-25